DHA (docosahexaneoic acid) is a physiologically-essential nutrient and a key omega-3 fatty acid needed in high levels in the brain and retina(eye) for optimal neuronal functioning(learning ability, memory) and visual acuity.
Most of the time DHA is referred to pregnancy and infancy which is extremely important for cognitive and retinal development and performance, increased coordination and motor control at an early age and a significant decrease in postpartum depression. But there are many studies that show the importance of DHA supplementation throughout childhood, adulthood and the elderly. DHA is predominantly found in fish/seafood. There are concerns about consuming too much seafood due to high levels of mercury, therefore it is a good idea to use a DHA supplement. Again, consult your physician before taking anything over the counter and for the proper dosage.
The Food and Nutrition Board in the US determined that DHA consumption in childhood decreased aggression, hyperactivity, cognitive problems, inattention and restlessness. In adulthood, DHA was associated with improvement in mood, increased vigor, decrease in anger, anxiety, fatigue, depression and confusion. A recent study of seniors (65+) over a 6 year period while consuming higher levels of fish or fish oil supplement as a source of DHA+EPA(another omega-3 fatty acid) exhibited a slower rate of cognitive decline, improved cognitive retention, decrease in inflammation, improved cardiac health and a lower risk of stroke. Fish containing high levels of Omega-3 fatty acids include: Mackerel, Lake Trout, Flounder, Albacore Tuna and Salmon.
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